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(Thanks to Alan Anderton for compiling and providing this information!)

Web References -
Scientists through History

16th Century: 1500-1599
The early renaissance period.

Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519)
Multi-disciplinary genius - the quintessential "Renaissance man"
Leonardo Da Vinci, A Man of Both Worlds
ThinkQuest site by three high schoolers ( in 1996) with material aimed at three levels: Novice, intermediate and advanced. Good concept with some seldom seen graphics, but thin on actual content
Leonardo Da Vinci, Scientist, Inventor, Artist
Based on an exhibition at the Museum of Science, Boston in 1996
Leonardo Da Vinci, Renaissance Man
Biographical material that shows how, as a Renaissance man, Leonardo was accomplished at a wide range of arts and sciences. Was this the reason that, for all his genius and many projects started, he rarely finished anything?.
Leonardo Da Vinci - University of St Andrews, Scotland
Excellent information focussing on Leonardo as a mathematician & scholar
Vinci, Leonardo's Home Town
Charming and useful site with many useful sections - The Leonardo Museum (models of his ideas), the Leonardo Library ...
Leonardo da Vinci's Adding Machine
A controversial replica built in 1968. Was it a machine for showing ratios or gears ... or was it a calculating machine? You be the judge.
ArtCyclopedia, Leonardo Da Vinci
Mainly links to Art Galleries that show examples of Leonardos work on the web but many useful biographical and background links
Leonardo Da Vinci, Web Museum, Paris
Critical analysis of Leonardos' most influential paintings
Leonardo Da Vinci, (1452-1529)
Good biographical material
Google Web Directory: Arts>Art History>Artists>D>Da Vinci, Leonardo
Although biased towards his artistic life, this has many links to his scientific achievements.
Leonardo in Star Trek
Cpt Janeways companion, first seen on VOY Season 3 "Scorpion, Part 1" and featuring in VOY Season 4 "Concerning Flight"
StarTrek.com Episodes / Movies
Episode summary. Of "Scorpion, Part 1"
StarTrek.com Episodes / Movies
Episode summary. Of "Concerning Flight"
Phillips Star Trek Reviews
Some pointed criticisms of this episode although, like everyone, this reviewer is fascinated by the concept of Leonardo on a starship!
Sliding Away
Mostly about the exit of John Rhys Davis from the series "Sliders" but it also has the actors thoughts on his appearance in this episode.

17th Century: 1600-1699
The late Renaissance and Reformation period.

Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727)
Physicist, Mathematician, Philosopher
The Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences
A Cambridge national and international visitor research institute. It runs research programmes on selected themes in mathematics and the mathematical sciences with applications in a very wide range of science and technology.
Sir Isaac Newton (1642 - 1727)
Everything you wanted to know about Newtons mathematical theories, in exhaustive detail!
Newton, Isaac (1642-1727); Wolfram Research
Biographical material and scholarly treatment of Newtons work.
The Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes
A group of three telescopes on operated on behalf of UK, Dutch and Spanish research organisations. The ING is located at the Roque de Los Muchachos Observatory, La Palma, Spain.
Newtons' Life - Prof Fowler, U of Va
A brief account of Newton's life, followed by a discussion of his most important insight: Projectile motion as a means of achieving orbit! Neat animation here! Age 15+
Newtons' developments on Galileo - Prof Fowler, U of Va
Newton's famous Laws of Motion generalized and extended Galileo's discussion of falling objects and projectiles. Lecture notes (15+)
Sir Isaac Newton - Dr Robert A. Hatch, U of Florida
An elegant and comprehensive biography.
Sir Isaac Newton: The Universal Law of Gravitation
Reasonably intensive, course text from the University of Tennessees' Astronomy 161: "The Planets", a comprehensive on-line text book.
Google Web Directory: Science/Physics/History/People/Newton
Comprehensive Links, including subsection for kids
Sir Isaac Newton
Grade school biography
Newton in Star Trek
Player in Datas' holographic poker game as seen on STNG Season 6 "Descent, Part 1"
StarTrek.com Episodes / Movies
Episode summary.
An Interesting Poker Game
Uses the poker game to compare the different concepts of physics of the players and asks the question - Can science prove God does not exist?

19th Century: 1800-1899
The Industrial Revolution that ushered in an age of new technologies and ideas.

Dr Sigmund Freud (1856 - 1939)
The father of Psychoanalysis turning the study of the mind into a science
Sigmund Freud Museum, Vienna
On line resources of the museum dedicated to the man in his house in Vienna
Freud Museum, London
The museum dedicated to Freud in the house he lived in in London when he emigrated from Vienna to escape the Nazis
Freud: Conflict and Culture
On line resources of the Library of Congress exhibition, placing him in context as a man of his time and his effect on modern science and popular culture.
"The Interpretation of Dreams" Sigmund Freud
The full text of Freuds seminal work from 1900, translated into English ... and to make it interesting you can send in your own dreams for analysis or post them on a bulletin board (Please don't use my name as an alias!)
Freud and Cocaine
In some ways though, Freud was a product of his time. In 1884 he recommended cocaine for a variety of illnesses including alcohol and morphine addictions. Unfortunately, many of his patients went on to become addicted to cocaine! Follow the links to a page about the history and effects of Cocaine, back links take you to a truly comprehensive website on Neuroscience aimed at High School kids.
Sigmund Freud; Guide picks
Interesting links that analyse psychoanalysis - especially liked "The War on Freud"
Sigmund Freud and the Freud Archives
Authoratative list of links with some obscure references you won't see elsewhere.
Google Web Directory: Science/Social Sciences/Psychology/Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic/Sigmund Freud
There seems to be no end to the material on the Internet regarding Freud and his works!
Freud in Star Trek
Data consulted Sigmund Freud on the holodeck in TNG 258 "Phantasms" to try to find the meaning of his dreams.
StarTrek.com Episodes / Movies
Episode summary.
Trek Quotes
Contains two quotes from the Freud episode.

20th Century: 1900-1999
The dawn of the Nuclear age, the Space Race and computers.

Albert Einstein
Time magazines "Man of the Century" and still the most instantly identifiable scientific personality.
Albert Einstein Archives
Extensive website with a wealth of primary source information on the man, his work and times by the Jewish National & University Library
Einstein - Image and Impact
Another extensive, resource rich biographical website, this one maintained by the American Institute of Physics
Einstein Revealed
The companion Web site to the NOVA program "Einstein Revealed," originally broadcast in America in October, 1996 on PBS. Excellent multimedia and content, very proffessional.
The Science of Star Trek
Einsteins theories of relativity are mentioned in most discussions of the plausibility of the science of Star Trek - this is one of them.
Albert Einstein
Medium length but concise biography that covers his life and works
Words of Wisdom from Albert Einstein
Quotes from Einstein on subjects ranging from his scientific work to religion and education - there's even a limeric!
Einstein, everythings relative
Witty, entertaining and totally cool site that explains space time and relativity without any maths at all! A school kids dream!
Einstein For Kids
On line resources of a travelling exhibition that celebrates his life and works. Simple, easy enough for lower Primary Grades
Think Like Einstein
Steps you through Einsteins paradox of the speed of light and time travel. Easy steps, but it ends with some simple algebra, so it might be a little beyond Primary schoolers.
Einstein in Star Trek
Part of Datas' holographic poker game seen on STNG Season 6 "Descent, Part 1"
StarTrek.com Episodes / Movies
Episode summary.
The Science of Star Trek
Einsteins theories of relativity are mentioned in most discussions of the plausibility of the science of Star Trek - this is one of them.
Stephen Hawking
Mathematician, theoretical research scientist, popular author and thinker - an example of the human spirit triumphing over matter.
Stephen Hawking's Universe
On-line resources to support the TV series
Stephen Hawking's Home Page
Very useful and enlightening material ranging from the latest lecturing engagements & transcripts of selected lectures to Hawkings thoughts on his disease and an email link so that you can drop him a line!
MC Hawkings Crib
Yo! This site is your ultimate resource for information about Stephen Hawking the gangsta rapper! From his 1992 EP "The Hawkman Cometh" & his '97 hit "E = MC Hawking" to the latest track written by the Hawkman for an online record label called B4G (Beatz 4 Geekz). Rap / Hip Hop at its' offensive best! I'm not sure if the parody is of Rappers of Hawking but it is hilarious
Stephen Hawking, The Big Bang, and God
Dr. "Fritz" Schaefer of the University of Georgia has been nominated for the Nobel Prize and was recently cited as the third most quoted chemist in the world.Here he discusses the theological implications of Hawkings ideas, who describes himself as an Agnostic. Excellent, understandable overview of the christian viewpoint as supported by many scientists.
The Stephen Hawking Pages
Basically a fan site but with some interesting tidbits such as the book jacket summary from "A Brief History of Time".
Stephen Hawking Builds Robotic Exoskeleton
Humerous ... or a cheap shot? You decide.
Stephen William Hawking
Concise biography, focussing on Hawking as a mathematician.
Leaping the Abyss
Gregory Benford is a professor of physics at the University of California, Irvine and a long time acquaintance of Hawking. In April this year, shortly after his 60th birthday, he interviewed Hawking and his resulting piece in Reasononline throws new light on this great scientist and thinker.
Hawking in Star Trek
Hawking played himself in Datas' holographic poker game as seen on STNG Season 6 "Descent, Part 1"
StarTrek.com Episodes / Movies
Episode summary.
Stephen Hawking Pages; The Star Trek Connection
This page even has a Quicktime movie of the Poker game!
The Star Trekking of Physics
Wordy and obtuse dissertation that looks at Star Trek from the scientists side


Comments are the responsibility of the author and do not necessarily reflect those held by the Star Fleet international. The accuracy of the information on the individual web sites cannot be guaranteed and inclusion here should not be taken as an endorsement by the author or Star Fleet International.

Bookmarks are current as at 25/09/2002 and have been added to the following sites by
Alan Anderton, Bargo, NSW

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